Thaum Lub Xya Hli 22, 2026, General Administration ntawm Kev Ua Si ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau tshaj tawm "15th Tsib- Xyoo Npaj Rau Kev Tsim Kev Ua Si Ntaus Pob" - thawj lub teb chaws - theem kev npaj siab rau kev tsim lub teb chaws kis las. Nws tau teeb tsa lub hom phiaj meej rau xyoo 2030: tag nrho cov kev lag luam kev lag luam tawm ntau tshaj RMB 7 trillion, ib - thaj chaw kis las kis las ntawm 4 square metres, thiab kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov pej xeem ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua.
Tsiv ntawm RMB 5.12 trillion mus rau RMB 7 trillion, kev lag luam kis las tau qhib lub voj voog loj hlob tshiab. Nyob rau hauv lub voj voog no, carbon fiber composites - hailed raws li "tus huab tais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab" thiab "dub kub" - tau dhau los ua tus tsav tsheb tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho zoo hauv cov khoom ua si. Raws li General Administration ntawm kev lis kev cai, Tuam Tshoj tau xa tawm RMB 67.53 billion ntawm cov khoom ua si thiab cov khoom siv hauv thawj ib nrab xyoo 2026, suav txog ntau dua 40% ntawm kev xa tawm thoob ntiaj teb. Kev ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb rau cov khoom siv roj carbon fiber ntau siv hauv kev ua kis las mus txog RMB 27.86 billion hauv xyoo 2025 thiab tau kwv yees kom ncav cuag RMB 40.79 billion los ntawm 2032.
1. Txoj Cai Tailwinds: Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Si Ncaws Pob qhib lub hiav txwv xiav xiav tshiab rau carbon fiber
Txoj Kev Npaj qhia meej kom cov khoom lag luam tsim khoom lag luam hloov mus rau qhov siab -kawg, ntse thiab ntsuab ntau lawm, nrog kev ua tiav hauv kev siv cov khoom siv qib siab xws li carbon fiber thiab titanium alloys hauv cov khoom ua si. Cov "Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Txhim Kho Cov Khoom Siv Tshiab", tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Ministry of Industry thiab Information Technology thiab xya lwm lub tuam tsev, faib cov qib siab -kev ua tau zoo carbon fiber ntau raws li "cov khoom siv tseem ceeb", muab kev txhawb nqa txoj cai rau nws txoj kev siv dav hauv kev ua kis las.
Cov xeev thiab cov nroog tau nquag siv cov khoom siv tshiab rau kev ua kis las: Shandong tau xaiv Weihai carbon fiber nuv ntses tackle pawg raws li lub xeev - theem tseem ceeb pawg; Fujian tau teev cov ntaub ntawv carbon fiber ntau khau raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab; Guangdong tab tom tsim kev lag luam tsheb kauj vab carbon fiber ntau hauv Shenzhen nrog thaj av thiab kev txhawb nqa se; Hebei tab tom tsim lub caij ntuj no carbon fiber-sports equipment manufacturing base. Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, Nyiv Ministry of Economy, Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam tawm tswv yim kom nce qhov sib koom ntawm carbon fiber siv hauv kev ua kis las los ntawm 18% mus rau ntau dua 30%; European Union tau teeb tsa cov kis las tshwj xeeb- thev naus laus zis R&D program hauv qab Horizon Europe, nrog txog 15% ntawm nws tau npaj rau cov ntaub ntawv kis las tshiab.
Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb: lub tsev ntawm lub tsev ua kis las, kev hloov khoom siv tshiab hauv tsev, thiab txhim kho kev ua kis las thoob ntiaj teb - peb txoj cai sib tshooj - tso carbon fiber hauv kev ua si thiab kev lom zem ntawm lub qhov rais keeb kwm ntawm lub sijhawm.
2. Los ntawm "Dub Kub" mus rau Cov Khoom Ua Si Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tag Nrho ntawm Carbon Fiber Manufacturing
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov roj carbon fiber ntau hauv cov khoom siv ncaws pob yog hauv paus hauv nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Tshaj li 90% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau ua raws li txoj hauv kev polyacrylonitrile (PAN), nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm 6 cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb, txhua qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua kis las zaum kawg:
Acrylonitrile polymerization → spinning → ua ntej -oxidation → carbonization / graphitization → nto kho → sizing
2.1 Spinning: Cov kauj ruam uas txiav txim siab "Genes" ntawm Carbon Fiber - Qhov Pib Taw Qhia ntawm Cov Khoom Ua Si
Spinning yog qhov kev xav tau tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau, ncaj qha txiav txim siab lub zog ntawm cov fiber ntau thiab cov khoom ua si uas nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Ob txoj kev tseem ceeb niaj hnub no yog kev sib tw ntub dej thiab qhuav - dav hlau ntub dej:
Qhuav- dav hlau ntub dej yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm Nyiv Toray hauv xyoo 1980s thiab tau ua tiav los ntawm Zhongfu Shenying hauv xyoo 2013, ua rau nws yog thawj lub tuam txhab Suav los tuav cov thev naus laus zis. Zhongfu Shenying tseem yog tib lub tuam txhab suav nrog kev lag luam paub tab - nplai (10,000-} tuj chav kawm) qhuav- dav hlau ntub dej spinning carbon fiber tshuab; nws T800- qib fiber ntau tuav ntau dua 60% ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev siab-kawg ntaus pob ncaws pob ua lag luam thiab yog siv hauv ntim hauv cov tsheb kauj vab carbon fiber ntau, ntaus pob tesniv thiab ntaus pob tesniv. Jilin Tangu (ib lub koom haum ntawm Jilin Chemical Fiber Group) yog lub ntiaj teb cov khoom lag luam loj tshaj plaws ntawm carbon fiber precursor nrog kev lag luam feem ntau tshaj 50%; tus nqi kom zoo dua ntawm nws qhov loj-loj precursor (48K / 50K) yog thawb cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau los ntawm cov cuab yeej sib tw mus rau kev ua lag luam loj ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
2.2 Carbonization thiab Graphitization: Los ntawm Precursor mus rau Carbon Fiber - Kev Sib Tw ntawm Cov Khoom Ua Si
Carbonization muab faib ua qis-kub carbonization (300–1000 degree) thiab siab-kub carbonization (1000–1800℃). Nyob rau hauv lub siab -kub theem cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov fiber ntau nce siab tshaj 92% thiab ib tug turbostratic graphite qauv pib tsim. Cov khoom ntaus pob ncaws pob uas xav tau ultra{10}}siab modulus kuj tau txais graphitization (2000-3000 degree), tsa cov fiber ntau modulus rau 400-900 GPa.
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau uas tsim los nrog cov kev sib txawv carbonization / graphitization tsis tau pom meej meej hauv cov khoom siv ncaws pob: T300–T700 qib (lub zog 3500–4900 MPa) feem ntau yog siv hauv nruab nrab-nuv ntses pas nrig, nkag- qib carbon fiber ntau lub tsheb kauj vab thiab caij skis; T800–T1000 qib (5490–6370 MPa) nyob rau hauv siab- kawg tsheb kauj vab ncej, sib tw qws thiab cov pa roj carbon-plated khiav khau; Qib M40J–M60J (modulus 377–588 GPa) hauv siab -kawg golf qws shafts thiab F1 tsheb Cheebtsam. Toray's T1100G (6600 MPa) thiab M40X (5700 MPa lub zog nrog 377 GPa modulus) yog cov qib siab tshaj carbon fiber ntau hauv cov khoom ntaus pob ncaws pob niaj hnub no, siv tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov npe saum toj kawg nkaus xws li TaylorMade, Graphite Design thiab Yonex.
2.3 Sizing Agent: Lub "Bonding Choj" Ntawm Carbon Fiber thiab Sporting Goods
Sizing yog kauj ruam kawg ntawm kev tsim cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau, siv cov txheej txheej nyias nyias (feem ntau 0.1-1.0 micrometer) rau cov fiber ntau. Nws tiv thaiv cov fiber ntau los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hauv qab thiab txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog cov cob matrix. Rau cov khoom siv ncaws pob, kev xaiv qhov loj me yog qhov tseem ceeb: epoxy systems (80% ntawm cov khoom ntaus pob ncaws pob) yuav tsum tau epoxy-sizing, thaum lub tshuab thermoplastic (siv hauv skis, carbon khau daim hlau thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws) yuav tsum tau sizing tau tshaj PEEK, PPS lossis PA6. Cov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam: cov pas nuv ntses xav tau qhov hloov pauv tau yooj yim kom tsis txhob tawg thaum lub sij hawm winding, thaum lub tsheb kauj vab thav duab xav tau siab - kub- resistant sizing kom tiv taus autoclave curing.
3. Cov txheej txheem molding: Yuav ua li cas cov khoom ncaws pob coj zoo li
Carbon fiber tsis tuaj yeem siv ntawm nws tus kheej; nws yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog ib tug resin matrix los ua carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Cov txheej txheem molding uas hloov carbon fiber (los yog prepreg) rau hauv kev ua kis las zoo yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab cov khoom ua tau zoo, zoo thiab tus nqi. Xya txheej txheem molding feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntaus pob ncaws pob, txhua tus nrog nws tus kheej daim ntawv thov kev ua si scenario:
[Yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv: Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hauv Kev Ua Si thiab Kev Ua Si (Part I) (2)]
[Source] Tuam Tshoj Composites Industry Association (CCIA), official lub vev xaib
[Original link] https://ccia.xin/xingyebaogao/3617.html