1. Taw qhia rau polyimide
Polyimide (PI) yog cov qauv molecular uas muaj imide-raws li cov saw txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab heterocyclic polymer compounds, tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm engineering plastics heat resistance, dav siv hauv aviation, aerospace, microelectronics, nano, kua siv lead ua, laser thiab lwm yam.
Tsis ntev los no, txhua lub teb chaws tau suav nrog kev tshawb fawb, kev tsim kho thiab kev siv PI nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st uas yog ib qho ntawm kev tsim kho cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab. Polyimide, vim nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev hauv kev ua tau zoo thiab kev sib txuas, muaj cov ntawv thov zoo, txawm tias yog cov khoom siv los yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm.
Polyimide yog lub npe hu ua lub sab saum toj ntawm lub pyramid ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer, tseem hu ua "cov teeb meem daws teeb meem", thiab txawm tias qee qhov kev lag luam sab hauv ntseeg tias "tsis muaj polyimide yuav tsis muaj niaj hnub no microelectronics technology.
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Pyramid ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polymer
2. Kev faib tawm thiab kev siv polyimide
Polyimide tuaj yeem siv rau ntau qhov chaw vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, thiab tseem tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom, xws li engineering plastics, fibers, photosensitive polyimide, foams, coatings, adhesives, films, aerogels, composites thiab lwm yam.
Polyimide yog dav siv
Ntawm ntau cov polymers, polyimide tsuas yog ib qho uas muaj ntau yam kev siv thiab qhia tau hais tias kev ua tau zoo ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv. Hauv qab no, kuv yuav coj koj los ntawm kev siv lub ntsiab ntawm txhua yam ntawm polyimide.
(1).Engineering yas
Polyimide engineering plastics tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qho tib si thermosetting thiab thermoplastic, tuaj yeem muab faib ua poly (tetramethylene tetraimide) (PMMI), polyetherimide (PEI), polyamide ib qho imide (PAI), thiab lwm yam, muaj lawv tus kheej siv hauv ntau qhov chaw.
PMMI nyob rau hauv 1.8MPa load kub distortion kub ntawm 360 degree, zoo heev hluav taws xob zog, yuav siv tau rau tshwj xeeb tej yam kev mob ntawm precision qhov chaw, siab kub nws tus kheej -lubricating bearings, seals, blower impellers, thiab lwm yam., kuj yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog kua ammonia valve qhov chaw, dav hlau cav roj mov system qhov chaw.
PEI muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, irradiation tsis kam, siab kub thiab puas ntsoog, zoo yaj fluidity, molding shrinkage ntawm 0.5% mus rau 0.7%, muaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj thiab extrusion molding, post- ua tau yooj yim dua, kuj tseem siv tau rau vuam txoj kev thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ua ke nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv kho mob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dav dav. siv.
Lub zog ntawm PAI yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no uas tsis yog{0}} cov khoom siv dag zog, lub zog tensile yog 190MPa, lub zog dabtsi yog khoov yog 250MPa, thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub yog siab li 274℃nyob rau hauv qhov load ntawm 1.8MPa. PAI muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau ablation thiab electromagnetism ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntau zaus, thiab nws muaj cov khoom nplaum zoo rau cov hlau thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, feem ntau yog siv rau lub zog, bearings thiab cais claws ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau lub zog, bearings thiab cais claws ntawm cov tshuab luam ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau cov ntaub ntawv ablative, cov ntaub ntawv sib nqus permeable thiab cov khoom siv dav hlau.
Polyimide rau kev ua haujlwm siab
(2). Polyimide fiber ntau
Polyimide fibers yog ib qho tseem ceeb siab -kev ua tau zoo fibers, nws kub polyimide fiber yog tam sim no ib tug ntawm cov kub siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic hluavtaws fibers, yuav siv tau ntawm 250 ~ 350 degree, nyob rau hauv lub teeb tsis kam, dej nqus, tshav kub tsis kam thiab lwm yam ntawm aramid thiab polyphenylene sulfide fibers piv rau lub superiority ntawm high performance ntawm polyimide yog {3} lub sij hawm siab tshaj qhov tam sim no txhua yam kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov organic zoo tshaj plaws Nws yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws organic hluavtaws fibers nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txhua yam khoom.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho tsis tu ncua ntawm siab- thev naus laus zis, nws lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom ntawm PI yog qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv, cov khoom siv PI tsoos hauv tshuab, thermal thiab kho qhov muag, hluav taws xob, sib nqus thiab lwm yam ntawm kev ua tau zoo tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li niaj hnub kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom, PI siab -kev ua tau zoo fibers, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo dua qub. siab - fibers kev ua tau zoo yuav dhau los ua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov fiber ntau.
Tam sim no, kev lag luam hauv tsev PI fiber ntau yog koom nrog Jiangsu Aoshen, Changchun Gaoqi, Kejiu Cov Khoom Tshiab, Jiangsu Xiannuo thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, Changchun Gaoqi tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb polyimide, kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim khoom hauv Suav teb, thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm siab -cov organic fiber ntau nrog kev ywj pheej ywj pheej ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Jiangsu ceno dhau qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis kev ua tiav hauv xyoo 2016, thiab tseem ua tus thawj coj hauv 2020 los ua kom tiav "txoj kev loj hlob ntawm {{1} 4} qauv ntawm lub teb chaws" siab -modulus polyimide filament".
Polyimide Fiber ntau
(3). Photosensitive polyimide (PSPI)
Photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) yog ib chav kawm ntawm polymer saw ob lub nplhaib imide nrog rau cov noob qoob loo photosensitive, txheej txheej thermal stability, zoo txhua yam khoom, tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom siv organic.
Photosensitive polyimide nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm electronics, feem ntau photoresist thiab electronics ntim ob lub luag hauj lwm loj, nyob rau hauv lub photosensitive polyimide ntxiv rau sensitizer, stabilizer, thiab lwm yam yuav tau txais "polyimide photoresist". Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj photoresists, polyimide nws tus kheej muaj cov khoom zoo dielectric, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog rau lub tsho loj hauv nruab nrab thaum siv lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub teeb thaiv, uas tuaj yeem txo cov txheej txheem thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) ntau lawm tshuab yog tsuas yog tswj los ntawm US thiab Nyiv tuam txhab uas muag, ntawm uas Toray yog ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kev vam meej kev lag luam nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam ntawm zoo PSPI cov khoom, thiab nws cov khoom zoo yog siv nyob rau hauv microelectronics ntim, optoelectronics encapsulation thiab lwm yam teb.
Kev txwv los ntawm kev thim rov qab ntawm kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam polyimide tseem tab tom ua yeeb yaj kiab thiab lwm yam khoom qis -kawg cov khoom ruaj khov, photosensitive polyimide ntau lawm tsawg, kev lag luam xav tau nyob ntawm kev xa khoom. Nyob rau hauv "Ua hauv Tuam Tshoj 2025" txoj cai txhawb, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam, tshuab, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam kev lag luam tau nkag mus rau theem kev hloov pauv hauv tsev, kev lag luam hauv tsev rau PSPI txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, qee lub tuam txhab tau ua tiav cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm.
Tam sim no, lub layout ntawm PSPI R & D, zus tau tej cov lag luam hauv zos yog Rui Huatai, Ming Shi cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, lub teb chaws cua yas kev lag luam, Dinglong Technology, thiab lwm yam., lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm lub teb ntawm domestic hloov chaw.
Polyimide rau photoresist
(4). Polyimide ua npuas ncauj
Polyimide ua npuas ncauj yog ib hom khoom siv polyimide, thawj zaug tsim nyob rau xyoo 1970 los ntawm NASA Langley Research Center hauv kev koom tes nrog Unitika America, siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw shuttle, yog tam sim no dav siv nyob rau hauv dav hlau, nkoj, tsheb ciav hlau, tsheb thiab lwm yam teb, nrog rau cov xwm ntawm nplaim taws retardant, tshav kub- tiv taus, sib sib zog nqus, thiab ib puag ncig zoo heev {2} lub sij hawm tsis muaj tshuaj lom, kub, ultra- kub tsis tshua muaj, siab ntsev tsuag, muaj suab nrov, muaj zog corrosion, muaj zog hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam huab cua.
Polyimide ua npuas ncauj tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:
(a) Ib yam li cov polyimide dav dav, lub imide raws li cov saw tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom ua npuas ncauj, kev siv kub ncav cuag ntau tshaj 300℃(PI ua npuas ncauj)
(b) Cov ntaub ntawv ua npuas ncauj uas lub nplhaib imide muaj nyob ua ib pawg sab (PMI ua npuas ncauj)
(c) Nano- cov ntaub ntawv ua npuas ncauj tau txais los ntawm kev qhia cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis ruaj tsis khov rau hauv polyimide thiab tawg lawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Polyimide ua npuas ncauj cov ntaub ntawv yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab heev, tau siv ntau dua hauv aerospace, kev thauj mus los hauv dej hiav txwv, kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws thiab microelectronics thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm siab xws li rwb thaiv tsev kub, kev vibration thiab suab nrov txo thiab rwb thaiv tsev thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.
PI ua npuas ncauj yog tam sim no daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov nkoj nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev kub thiab cov ntaub ntawv txo suab nrov, Tuam Tshoj cov tub rog yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub thib peb shipbuilding climax, PI ua npuas ncauj raws li ib tug tshiab hom ntawm warships nyob rau hauv thawj kev xaiv ntawm tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev thiab suab nrov txo cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev thov yog sai heev.
Poly (methacrylimide) ua npuas ncauj (PMI luv luv) yog ib yam tshiab ntawm cov qauv molecular siab ua npuas ncauj cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev pom kev ua tau zoo, uas yog siab -kev ua tau zoo ua npuas ncauj cov khoom siv nrog lub zog tshwj xeeb, siab tshwj xeeb modulus, siab kaw tus nqi thiab siab kub tsis kam, thiab yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb yuag, siab zog thiab siab / qis kub tsis kam, thiab lwm yam. nkoj, muaj kev xav tau sai. Tsis tas li ntawd, PMI ua npuas ncauj yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws ua npuas ncauj ua npuas ncauj, dav siv hauv cov kiv cua, dav hlau dav hlau, dav hlau thiab lwm qhov chaw, nws cov kev hloov pauv rau PET ua npuas ncauj yog qhov tseeb, qhov chaw ua lag luam loj heev.
PI ua npuas ncauj yog cua sov- tiv taus, nplaim taws- retardant, tsis tsim cov pa phem, yooj yim rau nruab, yog dav siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov suab nrov txo. Tam sim no, US Navy tau siv PI ua npuas ncauj ua cov khoom siv thermal thiab acoustic rwb thaiv tsev rau tag nrho cov nkoj ntog thiab submarines, thiab SOLIMIDE npuas tsim los ntawm INSPEC tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 15 lub teb chaws rau kev txhim kho thermal thiab acoustic rwb thaiv tsev tshuab rau naval nkoj. Tsis tas li ntawd, PI ua npuas ncauj kuj tau siv dav hauv cov nkoj pej xeem, xws li cov khoom kim heev cruise ships, speedboats thiab liquefied natural gas ships.
Polyimide ua npuas ncauj
Zoo ib yam li PI ua npuas ncauj, daim ntawv thov ntawm PMI ua npuas ncauj kuj yog dav heev.Kev siv ntawm PMI ua npuas ncauj muaj xws li:
(a) Cov khoom siv ua npuas ncauj: zoo heev tiv taus siab - kub compression, yog li nws tau dav siv los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov kiv cua, aviation, aerospace, nkoj, khoom siv ua kis las, khoom siv kho mob thiab lwm yam haujlwm;
(b) Broadband yoj- cov ntaub ntawv pob tshab: tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua thiab poob ua rau nws siv dav hauv radar, kav hlau txais xov thiab lwm yam;
(c) cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev kub thiab suab nrov: siab-ceev locomotives, log tsheb, suab thiab lwm yam.
Txij li thaum xyoo pua 21st, tus naj npawb ntawm cov koom haum koom nrog hauv kev tshawb fawb polyimide ua npuas ncauj hauv Suav teb tau nce zuj zus, thiab kev lag luam tau ua cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, thiab tam sim no, cov tuam txhab tseem ceeb hauv tsev ntawm polyimide ua npuas ncauj yog Qingdao Ocean, Kanda Cov Khoom Tshiab thiab Tiansheng Cov Khoom Tshiab, Zigong Zhongtiansheng, Qingdao Dej Hiav Txwv Tshiab Khoom thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, Ningbo lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, Suav Academy ntawm Sciences tau tsim ib tug polyimide microfoam hais pilots khoom, Qingdao dej hiav txwv thiab Kangda Tshiab Khoom polyimide cov khoom dhau los ntawm cov tub rog xeem.
(5). Polyimide txheej
Polyimide rau kev npaj cov txheej txheem yog ib qho ntawm nws cov kev siv ntxov tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem yog siv los ua enameled hlau rwb thaiv tsev txheej. Enameled hlau rwb thaiv tsev txheej yog tsuas yog dip-coated round hlau, ca hlau thiab lwm yam hlau inch liab qab tooj liab hlau, alloy hlau thiab iav hlau qhwv hlau txheej txheej, txhim kho thiab stabilize txheej txheej ntawm enameled hlau.
Ib qho tseem ceeb indexes ntawm insulating txheej yog tshav kub- qib resistant, raws li 1954 International Electrotechnical Association ICE-85 lub cev muaj zog thiab hluav taws xob insulating cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv kev siv cov thermal stability grading qauv, insulating cov ntaub ntawv muab faib ua xya kub-resistant qib.
Yuav kom ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev lag luam kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum muaj peev xwm mus txog 180-200℃nws mus rau qhov kub siab dua nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev - ua hauj lwm, tab sis tsis muaj qhov hnyav poob thiab hluav taws xob txo, thiab tswj tau qhov elasticity zoo, noo noo, ozone, arc tsis kam thiab lwm yam khoom. Polyimide cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua tau zoo heev kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qhov kev siv no, los npaj F-chav kawm thiab saum toj no cov cua sov- tiv taus qib rwb thaiv tsev txheej, polyimide tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kua roj vanish rau cov hlau nplaum hluav taws xob, lossis ua cov txheej txheem kub siv.
Yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv
Tau qhov twg los "China Composites Industry Association official lub vev xaib".