Txo qhov hnyav, yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nrhiav dav hlau tsim thiab tsim khoom, tuaj yeem muab cov tub rog lub dav hlau ua haujlwm zoo dua qub, txhim kho roj kev lag luam ntawm pej xeem aircraft. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub thickness ntawm lub phaj{{1} zoo li qhov chaw ntawm lub dav hlau nyias nyias, nws yuav ntsib qhov teeb meem ntawm lub zog tsis txaus thiab nruj. Ntxiv lub teeb yuag, cov khoom siv nyuaj nyuaj ntawm ob txheej ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv - nqa lub peev xwm yam tsis muaj qhov hnyav nce ntxiv, uas tsis yog ntxiv rau kev txhawb nqa.
Qhov no yog akin rau kev tsim kho cua turbine hniav uas qhov chaw no tau qhia ua ntej:
Ib txheej ntawm cov ntoo balsa lossis cov tub ntxhais ua npuas dej tau ntim rau ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ua los ntawm fiberglass -cov khoom siv epoxy resin (FRP). Balsa kuj yog thawj cov khoom siv hauv dav hlau, xws li British Mosquito Bomber, lub dav hlau nto moo WWII ntoo ua los ntawm ob txheej ntawm birch sandwiched los ntawm ib txheej ntawm balsa plywood.
Hauv kev lag luam aerospace niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb siv suav nrog cov qauv honeycomb thiab ua npuas ncauj. Qhov zoo li mos mos honeycomb tuaj yeem tiv taus kev sib tsoo ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom hnyav vim qhov ruaj khov honeycomb daim phiaj qauv tiv thaiv flexural deformation, tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas ua rau cov thawv ntawv ua los ntawm cov ntawv corrugated heev resistant rau compression.
Aluminium yog cov hlau siv tshaj plaws hauv cov dav hlau, thiab cov qauv ntawm aluminium alloy panels + aluminium honeycomb core yog lub ntuj haum.
Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm VFW614 lub dav hlau tis, nrog rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub tis thiab spoiler ua ncaj qha los ntawm txhuas honeycomb qauv.
Incidentally, no VFW614 yog ib tug oddball nrog ib tug engine mounted rau sab saum toj ntawm lub tis, tsim los ntawm West lub teb chaws Yelemees United Aero-Technologies-FOKKER (VFW-FOKKER) Aircraft tuam txhab raws li ib tug luv luv-ntaus 40-thov dav hlau nyob rau hauv 1 lub dav hlau kev loj hlob thawj zaug ntawm lub dav hlau dav hlau pej xeem nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees sab hnub tuaj qhov kev sim yog Bard 152, uas tau ua nws thawj zaug hauv 1958). Lub dav hlau tsis yog kev lag luam ua tiav, tsuas yog 13 tsim, tab sis nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau German aviation kev lag luam. Ib zaj dab neeg nto moo tshaj yog Franco-German kev koom tes ntawm Airbus thiab Boeing.
Raws li kev sib xyaw tau siv ntau dua hauv kev tsim dav hlau, puas tuaj yeem hloov pauv aluminium honeycomb zoo li?
Cov lus teb yog yog. Daim ntawv thov feem ntau hauv cov dav hlau niaj hnub no yog aramid ntawv honeycomb composites, thiab ua los ntawm carbon fiber reinforced resin thiab lwm cov khoom sib xyaw los npog cov vaj huam sib luag honeycomb, siv hauv cov plag tsev hauv dav hlau, hatches, sab hauv, tails, rudder nto, fairings, paddles, thiab lwm yam, tab sis kuj siv nyob rau hauv high - tsheb ciav hlau ceev, lub hnab ntim sab hauv, thiab lwm yam.
Raws li lub npe qhia, no honeycomb yog tsim los ntawm ib hom ntawv tshwj xeeb, aramid fiber ntau daim ntawv.
Ua ntej, daim ntawv aramid yog coated nrog cov nplaum nplaum, qhov dav ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ob sab ntawm lub qhov honeycomb (nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm hexagonal honeycomb), thiab qhov sib nrug ntawm cov strips yog plaub npaug ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ob sab. Cov nplaum nplaum yog siv los ntawm gravure luam ntawv, uas yog grooves ntawm ib qho dav dav thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv thov chais hloov cov nplaum nplaum rau ntawm daim ntawv aramid.
Ob txheej ntawm daim ntawv aramid uas nyob ib sab yog stacked nyob rau hauv ib tug staggered txoj hauj lwm thiab cov nplaum nplaum yog kho los ntawm kub nias.
Tom ntej no, lub aramid pawg yog stretched zoo li ib tug accordion los tsim ib tug honeycomb. Lub honeycomb kuj tseem ci kom tso cov kev ntxhov siab rov qab thiab ua tiav cov honeycomb.
Lub honeycomb yog kho los ntawm impregnation (feem ntau nrog phenolic resin) los sau cov pores ntawm aramid fibers. Cov resin plays lub luag haujlwm hauv kev sib txuas cov fibers thiab hloov cov load.
Honeycomb tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam duab los ntawm kev txiav.
Cov txheej txheem tsim cov honeycomb saum toj no yog los ntawm AVIC Composites, ib lub koom haum ntawm Aviation Industry Corporation ntawm Tuam Tshoj (AVIC), uas tam sim no tsim aramid ntawv honeycomb nrog aperture lattice lengths li ntawm 1.8 mus rau 5.5 hli, ntom ntawm 29 mus rau 144 kg / m3, thiab siab tshaj plaws qhov ntev ntawm 50 x 1,90 mm.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov aramid ntawv honeycomb - aramid fibers thiab aramid ntawv - yog ib qho teeb meem "caj dab" peb tau ntsib ntev.
Aramid feem ntau yog hu ua para-aramid thiab meta-aramid.
Para-aramid yog tsim los ntawm polycondensation ntawm terephthaloyl chloride thiab p-phenylenediamine, thiab tseem hu ua "aramid 1414" raws li txoj hauj lwm ntawm pab pawg neeg hloov ntawm lub nplhaib benzene, thiab tau kawg, nws lub npe nrov tshaj plaws yog "Kevlar" ntawm USlar DuPont tuam txhab). Meta-aramid yog tsim los ntawm polycondensation ntawm m-toluene dicarbonyl chloride thiab m-phenylenediamine, thiab tseem hu ua "Aramid 1313", uas yog muag raws li lub npe lag luam ntawm Nomex los ntawm DuPont.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv, para-aramids muaj zog dua thiab modulus, ua rau cov neeg kho tshuab zoo ntawm aramid ntawv thiab honeycomb, thaum meso-aramids muaj cua sov thiab nplaim taws zoo dua.
Lub aramid filament nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 microns tau los ntawm spinning yog txiav kom tau ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau daim ntawv aramid - luv- txiav fiber ntau, nrog qhov ntev ntawm 5 ~ 6 hli. luv- txiav fibers ntawm lub zog siab, tab sis qhov saum npoo yog du, tsis tshua muaj zog pawg, tsis muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov fibers, tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm daim ntawv ib leeg, tab sis raws li "rebar", thiab "concrete" - aramid Pulp pluas mov lossis nag lossis daus fiber ntau ua ke, ua ib daim ntawv nrog lub zog siab. Pulp pluas mov yog luv luv txiav fiber ntau tom qab pulping kom tau, cov qauv fiber ntau yog ib feem tawg, nto yog fluffy, nthuav tawm ntau cov amino acids, tuaj yeem tsim ntau hydrogen bonds, kom luv luv fibers sib koom ua ke; nag lossis daus ntawm fibers yog cov tshuaj polymer nyob rau hauv lub zog nplawm nag lossis daus ntawm fluffy luv fibers.
Aramid fibers dispersed hauv dej yog theej rau hauv ntawv (lab kuaj pom), zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem papermaking. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv aramid muaj cov kauj ruam ntxiv ntawm kev kub kub los khi cov aramid fibers ua ke. Qhov qis softening kub ntawm mesoaramids ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov fibers rau daim ntawv, thiab yog li lawv tau siv ntau dua nyob rau hauv aramid ntawv honeycomb composites. Tsis tas li ntawd, aramid ntawv yog siv los ua cov ntawv insulating hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob.
Cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws nyob rau xyoo 1967 tau pib muaj kev tsim khoom ntawm aramid, thaum Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam aramid pib nyob rau xyoo 1980, muaj qhov sib txawv loj nrog cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws, ntsib kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev lag luam txawv teb chaws, aramid fibers thiab aramid ntawv rau lub sij hawm ntev nyob ntawm kev xa khoom. Yantai Minsda (tsim ntawm spandex thiab aramid Tahe Cov khoom siv tshiab) thiab Shaanxi University of Science thiab Technology ntawm pulp thiab ntawv engineering xibfwb Zhang Meiyun kev koom tes, txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov kev lag luam txawv teb chaws, kom ua tiav cov ntawv hauv cheeb tsam ntawm aramid ntawv, tseem muaj Chaomeisi cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, Shenzhen Haotian Longbang cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua lag luam tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm aramid.
Nws yog kev siv zog ntawm kev kawm Cai Lun, kom Tuam Tshoj lub dav hlau muaj lub teeb thiab lub cev muaj zog!
Tsis lees paub: Cov ntawv xov xwm kev lag luam luam tawm hauv lub vev xaib no tsuas yog rau kev sib pauv thiab sib qhia ntawm kev paub thiab kev lag luam cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, thiab tsis yog rau kev lag luam. Yog tias ib tus neeg lossis lub koom haum muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog kev cai lij choj ntawm tsab xov xwm lossis qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus, thov hu rau peb thawj zaug thiab peb yuav daws nws raws sijhawm.